Manmohan Singh: India Mourns the Visionary Architect of Economic Reforms
India mourns the passing of its former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, who died at the age of 92 in Delhi’s AIIMS hospital.
Serving as India’s Prime Minister from 2004 to 2014 and as Finance Minister earlier, Singh played a pivotal role in shaping the nation’s economic and political landscape.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid tribute, acknowledging Singh’s wisdom and humility, and lauded his efforts to improve lives during his tenure.
Congress leaders Sonia and Rahul Gandhi expressed their profound grief, with Rahul referring to him as a “mentor and guide.”
The Architect of Modern Economic Reforms
Born on September 26, 1932, in Punjab province, Singh’s journey from a modest background to becoming India’s economic reformer is legendary.
Educated at Panjab University, Cambridge, and Oxford, Singh’s early career as an economist laid the foundation for his transformative policies.
As Finance Minister in 1991, Singh spearheaded groundbreaking reforms to revive India’s struggling economy.
His measures included reducing taxes, devaluing the rupee, privatizing state enterprises, and fostering foreign investment. The result was a stabilized economy, revitalized industries, and controlled inflation.
Singh’s tenure as Prime Minister saw further strides, including the landmark nuclear deal with the US, which ended India’s nuclear isolation.
However, critics often attributed his political limitations to his lack of an electoral base and his perceived subservience to Congress President Sonia Gandhi.
Triumphs and Challenges in Leadership
Despite leading India to significant achievements, Singh’s leadership was not without challenges. His first term witnessed historic accomplishments, but his second term was overshadowed by corruption scandals involving cabinet ministers.
Allegations of billions lost to scams tarnished his administration’s image and contributed to the Congress party’s defeat in the 2014 general elections.
Known as a consensus builder, Singh navigated coalition politics deftly but faced accusations of being indecisive.
Critics like BJP leader LK Advani labeled him India’s “weakest prime minister,” though Singh defended his record, emphasizing his commitment to public welfare.
A Vision for Pragmatic Foreign Policy
Singh pursued a pragmatic approach to foreign relations. He advanced peace talks with Pakistan, navigated border issues with China, and reopened the Nathu La pass into Tibet after decades.
Singh also extended financial aid to Afghanistan and became the first Indian leader in 30 years to visit the country.
However, some of his decisions drew criticism, including perceived estrangement from India’s traditional ally, Iran. Despite challenges, his foreign policy initiatives strengthened India’s global standing.
A Quiet and Dignified Leader
Known for his humility and low profile, Singh often preferred action over words. His reserved demeanor earned respect but also opened him to critiques of inaction during crises.
Singh’s response to controversies like the coal scandal reflected his calm resolve, stating, “Silence is better than thousands of answers.”
After retiring, Singh remained active in addressing national issues, advising on measures to mitigate the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. His intellectual rigor and dedication to public service left an indelible mark on India’s history.
Global and National Condolences
Tributes for Singh poured in from leaders worldwide, including the US, Canada, France, and Sri Lanka. In India, the Union Cabinet observed a two-minute silence, honoring him as an eminent statesman.
Congress leaders and Prime Minister Modi joined others in paying homage at his Delhi residence.
Singh is survived by his wife Gursharan Kaur and three daughters. His final journey will commence from the All India Congress Committee headquarters on Saturday morning.
As India bids farewell to one of its most distinguished leaders, Singh’s legacy of reform, humility, and service continues to inspire.
